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Spirit of Eden
''Spirit of Eden'' is the fourth album by the English New wave band Talk Talk, released in 1988. The album found neither critical acclaim nor commercial success on release, but has however since gained cult-status and is considered highly influential.〔"(Top 100 Albums of the 1980s )". Pitchfork. Retrieved 5 April, 2015〕 The songs were mostly written by vocalist Mark Hollis and producer Tim Friese-Greene. The album was compiled from a lengthy recording process at London's Wessex Studios between 1987 and 1988. Often working in darkness, the band recorded many hours of improvised performances, edited them down heavily, then re-arranged the remaining collection of soundbites into an album in, mostly, digital format. The songs contain elements of rock, jazz, classical and ambient music. The album, the fourth by the band, was released on the Parlophone label.
Critics often view ''Spirit of Eden'' as a departure from Talk Talk's earlier and more accessible albums. Compared to their 1986 hit ''The Colour of Spring'', it was commercially unsuccessful. It received mostly lukewarm or negative reviews on release, but has since been acknowledged as an influence in the development of a number of later alternative rock musicians and subgenres.〔Thomson, Graeme. "(Talk Talk: the band who disappeared from view )". ''The Guardian, 13 September 2013. Retrieved 5 April, 2015〕
==Background==
Talk Talk, led by singer Mark Hollis, formed in England in the early 1980s. From the start, Hollis cited jazz and classical artists like Miles Davis, John Coltrane, Béla Bartók, and Claude Debussy as major musical influences. But Talk Talk's first two albums, ''The Party's Over'' (1982) and ''It's My Life'' (1984), did not readily reflect such influences; critics compared the band to contemporary new wave groups, especially Duran Duran. Hollis partly attributes the shortcomings of their early music to a financial need to use synthesizers in place of acoustic instruments.
Although critics did not favour the band's early output, the first two albums were commercially successful in Europe. This gave Talk Talk the money needed to hire additional musicians to play on their next album, ''The Colour of Spring'' (1986). The band no longer had to rely on synthesizers. Instead, musicians improvised with their instruments for many hours, then Hollis and producer Tim Friese-Greene edited and arranged the performances to get the sound they wanted. A total of sixteen musicians appeared on the album. ''The Colour of Spring'' became Talk Talk's most successful album, selling over two million copies and prompting a major world tour. At the same time, minimalist songs like "April 5th," "Chameleon Day," and the B-side "It's Getting Late in the Evening" pointed towards the band's next direction.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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